![]() ![]() The canine genome sequencing project has generated a greater understanding of genomic structure and variation within and between dog breeds. Overall, the loss of diversity is estimated to be >90% compared to ancestral dog populations, 3, 4 prompting calls for the use of the remaining diversity for maintaining health. 1, 2 For purebred dogs, this has been influenced by morphological criteria, as defined by breed standards, and by the dominant influence of champion show dogs. This is revealed by the presence of strong selection signatures when comparing dog genotypes from different breeds. In particular, purebred dogs have been selectively bred and, in some lines, closely bred with the dominant use of popular sires, resulting in a reduction of genetic diversity. Genetic diversity has been affected by population bottlenecks as dogs were domesticated from the wild population, and again through selection for breed type. Studies have shown that there is a loss of the total amount of genetic polymorphism, generally referred to as genetic diversity, in modern dog populations. The genetic composition of a breed determines the physical and physiological parameters that make up individuals. ![]()
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